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When people hear the name Grigori Rasputin, their minds virtually immediately begin to wander. The stories told near this then-chosen "Mad Monk" propose he possessed some magical powers, or that he had a special connectedness to God.
But they also suggest he was a sex-crazed maniac who used his position of ability to seduce women and engage in all sorts of sins that would be considered terrible now and unspeakable back so.
Other tales signal he was a man who went from being a poor, nameless peasant to one of the Tsar's about trusted advisors in a affair of but a few curt years, perhaps more than proof he possessed some special or even magical powers.
Withal, many of these stories are just that: stories. It'due south fun to believe they are true, merely the reality is that many of them are not. Merely not everything nosotros know nearly Grigori Yefimovich Rasputin is made up.
For example, he was known for having a strong sexual appetite, and he did manage to get exceptionally close to the regal family for someone of such a humble groundwork. However his healing powers and political influence are gross exaggerations.
Instead, the cocky-proclaimed holy man was merely in the right identify at the correct time in history.
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Why, and then, are at that place so many legends about this exceptionally unimportant Russian mystic? Well, he rose to prominence in the years leading up to the Russian Revolution.
Political tensions were high, and the land was very unstable. Different political leaders and members of the nobility were looking for means to undermine the Tsar's power, and Rasputin, an unknown, rather strange religious man who came out of nowhere to get close with the royal family proved to be the perfect scapegoat.
As a outcome, all sorts of stories were thrown nigh meant to tarnish his name and destabilize the Russian regime. But this destabilization was already underway before Rasputin emerged onto the scene, and inside a year of Rasputin's death, Nicholas II and his family were murdered and Russian federation was inverse forever.
However, despite the falsity of many of the stories surrounding Rasputin, his story is notwithstanding an interesting 1, and it's a great reminder of how merely how malleable history can be.
Rasputin Fact or Fiction
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Due to his closeness to the regal family, besides as the political situation at the time, public cognition of Rasputin is the result of rumors, speculation, and propaganda. And while information technology's true we nonetheless don't know a lot well-nigh Rasputin and his life, historical records have allowed us to distinguish between fact and fiction. Here are some of the more famous tales nigh Rasputin:
Rasputin Had Magical Powers
Verdict: Fiction
Rasputin made a few suggestions to the Tsar and Tsarina of Russia virtually how to treat their son Alexei's hemophilia, and this caused many to believe he possessed special healing powers.
However, it's far more likely he simply got lucky. But the mysterious nature of his relationship with the royal family led to lots of speculation, which has warped our image of him to this 24-hour interval.
Rasputin Ran Russia From Behind the Scenes
Verdict: Fiction
Before long after arriving in St. Petersburg, Grigori Yefimovich Rasputin made some powerful friends and eventually became very shut to the royal family unit. However, as far as we can tell, he had little to no influence over the political decision-making process. His role in court was limited to religious do and also to help with the children. Some rumors swirled about how he was helping Alexandra, the Tsarina, collaborate with her home country, Germany, to undermine the Russian Empire, merely there is also no truth to this claim any
Rasputin Could Non Be Killed
Verdict: Fiction
No one tin can escape death. However, an endeavour was made on Rasputin's life before he was finally killed, and the story about his bodily death helped propagate the idea that he could not exist killed. But it's more than likely these stories were told to aid spread the thought that Rasputin was associated with the devil and had "unholy" powers.
Rasputin was a Crazy Monk
Verdict: Fiction
First, Rasputin was never ordained every bit a monk. And as for his sanity, we don't really know, although his rivals and those seeking to either undermine or support Tsar Nicholas II certainly worked to position him every bit crazy. Some of the written records he has left backside advise he had a scattered brain, but it'south also but as probable that he was poorly educated and lacked the power to clearly express his thoughts with written words.
Rasputin Was Sex-Crazed
Verdict: ?
Those who sought to damage Rasputin'south influence certainly wanted people to think this, and then it'south likely their stories are exaggerated at best and invented at worst. All the same, stories of Rasputin's promiscuity started surfacing as presently as he left his hometown in 1892. But this idea that he was sexual activity-crazed was likely the result of his enemies trying to use Rasputin as a symbol for everything that was wrong in Russia at the fourth dimension.
The Story of Rasputin
As you tin can see, nearly of the things we consider to be true virtually Rasputin are actually false or at the very least exaggerated. So, what practice we know? Unfortunately, not much, but hither'south a detailed summary of the facts that practice exist about the famously mysterious life of Rasputin.
Who Was Rasputin?
Rasputin was a Russian mystic who lived during the terminal years of the Russian Empire. He rose to prominence in Russian order starting around 1905 because the regal family unit at the time, led by Tsar Nicholas II and his wife, Alexandra Feodorovna, believed he possessed the ability to heal their son, Alexei, who suffered from hemophilia. Somewhen, he fell out of favor amongst the Russian elite as the country experienced considerable political turmoil leading up to the Russian Revolution. This led to his assassination, the gory details of which accept helped make Rasputin one of the most well-known figures in history.
Babyhood
Grigori Yefimovich Rasputin was born in Pokrovskoye, Russia, a small town in the northern province of Siberia, in 1869. Similar many of the people in the area at the fourth dimension, he was born to a family of Siberian peasants, but beyond that, Rasputin's early life remains mostly a mystery.
Accounts be that merits he was a troublesome boy, someone who was prone to fighting and had spent a few days in jail due to his tearing behavior. But in that location is piffling validity to these accounts every bit they were written later the fact by people who likely did not know Rasputin equally a child, or by people whose opinion had been swayed past their opinion of him as an adult.
Part of the reason we know so little near the early on twelvemonth of Rasputin's life is that he and those around him were most probable illiterate. Few people living in rural Russian federation at the time had access to formal education, which led to low literacy rates and poor historical accounts.
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However, we practise know that at some point in his twenties, Rasputin had a married woman and several children. Only something happened that caused him to suddenly need to leave Pokrovskoye. It's possible he was running from the law. There are some accounts that he left to escape penalisation for stealing a horse, but this has never been verified. Others claim he had a vision from God, however this has as well non been proven.
As a upshot, it's equally possible he but had an identity crisis, or that he left for some reason that remains entirely unknown. But despite the fact we don't know why he left, we do know that he fix out on a pilgrimage in 1897 (when he was 28), and this decision would dramatically modify the course of the rest of his life.
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Early Days equally a Monk
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It's believed that Rasputin first left home for religious and or spiritual purposes around 1892, but he returned frequently to his hometown to attend to his familial obligations. Even so, after his visit to the St. Nicholas Monastery in Verkhoturye in 1897, Rasputin became a changed human being, according to accounts. He began to keep longer and longer pilgrimages, possibly reaching as far south every bit Hellenic republic. However, information technology's of import to point out that the 'holy man' never took vows to become a monk, making his name, "The Mad Monk," a misnomer.
During these years of pilgrimage towards the end of the 19th century, Rasputin began to develop a small following. He would travel to other towns to preach and teach, and when he returned to Pokrovskoye he allegedly had a modest group of people with whom he would pray and perform ceremonies. Even so, elsewhere in the state, specially in the capital, Saint petersburg, Rasputin remained an unknown entity. Just a serial of fortunate events would change that and propel Rasputin to the forefront of Russian politics and religion.
The self proclaimed 'holy man' was a mystic and had a powerful personality, one that easily allowed him to bear upon those around him, normally making them feel quite at ease and rubber effectually him. Whether or not he was truly a human being gifted with magical talents is a matter for the theologians and philosophers to argue well-nigh, merely information technology can exist said that he commanded a certain aura of respect when he walked the world.
Russia at the Time of Rasputin
To understand the story of Rasputin and why he has become such an important figure in Russian and world history, it'due south all-time to sympathize the context in which he lived. Specifically, Rasputin arrived in Leningrad at a time of tremendous social upheaval in the Russian Empire. The Tsarist government, which ruled as an autocracy and upheld a system of feudalism that dated back centuries, was beginning to crumble. The urban center classes, which were developing as a result of the slow process of industrialization that had taken place throughout the 19th century, also as the rural poor, were showtime to organize and seek out alternative forms of regime.
This, plus a combination of other factors, meant that the Russian economy was in steady decline by the start of the 20th century. Tsar Nicholas II, who was in power from 1894-1917, was insecure about his ability to rule what was evidently a aging country, and he had fabricated many enemies amongst the dignity who saw the state of the empire as an opportunity to aggrandize their power, influence, and status. All of this led to the formation of a constitutional monarchy in 1907, which meant that the Tsar, for the get-go fourth dimension ever, would need to share his ability with a parliament, equally well every bit a prime minister.
This development seriously weakened the power of Tsar Nicholas II, although he retained his position every bit caput of the Russian state. Yet this temporary truce did fiddling to resolve the instability going on in Russia, and when World War I broke out in 1914 and the Russians entered the fight, revolution was imminent. Just ane year afterward, in 1915, 9the state of war had taken its price on the weak Russian economy. Food and other crucial resources became scarce, and the working classes grew weak. Tsar Nicholas Ii took control of the Russian regular army, just this probably made the state of affairs worse. Then, in 1917, a series of revolutions, known as the Bolshevik Revolution, took place, which ended the Tsarist autocracy and paved the style for the germination of the United Soviet Socialist States (USSR). While all this was taking place, Rasputin managed to go shut to the Tsar, and he eventually became a scapegoat for his political rivals as they sought to weaken Nicholas Ii and better their own position in society.
Rasputin and the Imperial Family
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Rasputin first arrived in the Russian capital, St. petersburg, in 1904, after receiving an invitation to visit the St. Petersburg Theological Seminary at the Alexander Nevsky Monastery cheers to a letter of the alphabet of recommendation written past well-respected members of the church elsewhere in Russian federation. Still, when Rasputin arrived to Leningrad, he would take found a urban center in disrepair, which was a reflection of the land of the Russian Empire at the fourth dimension. Interestingly, Rasputin's influence and reputation preceded him in St. petersburg. He was known to be a heavy drinker and somewhat of a sexual deviant. In fact, earlier arriving at St. Petersberg, there were rumors that he had been sleeping with many of his female followers, although there is no definitive proof this was happening.
These rumors later led to accusations that Rasputin was a member of the Kyhlyst religious sect, which believed in using sin as the principal ways of reaching God. Historians still debate whether this is true or non, although there is considerable testify that Rasputin enjoyed engaging in activities that ane could classify as depraved. It'southward quite possible Rasputin spent time with the Kyhlyst sect so as to try out their method of religious do, but in that location is no evidnece he was an bodily member. However, it'south besides simply every bit probable that political enemies of the Tsar, and Rasputin, exaggerated behavior typical of the time so every bit to harm Rasputin's reputation and diminish his influence.
After his initial visit to St. Petersberg, Rasputin returned abode to Pokrovskoye but began to make more than frequent trips to the capital. During this fourth dimension, he began making more than strategic friendships and built a network inside the elite. Thank you to these connections, Rasputin met the Nicholas II and his wife, Alexandra Feodorovna, for the first time in 1905. He managed to come across the Tsar several more times, and at one signal, Rasputin met the Tsar and Tsarina'south children, and from that betoken on, Rasputin became much closer to the royal family largely because the family was convinced Rasputin possessed the magical powers needed to cure their son Alexei's hemophilia.
Rasputin and the Royal Children
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Alexei, the heir to the Russian throne and a young boy, was rather sick due to the fact that he had incurred an unfortunate injury to his foot. Furthermore, Alexei suffered from hemophilia, a disease characterized by anemia and excessive bleeding. After several interactions between Rasputin and Alexei, the imperial family, especially the Tsarina, Alexandra Feodorovna, became convinced that Rasputin alone possessed the powers needed to go along Alexei live.
He had been asked on several occasions to pray for Alexei, and this coincided with an improvement in the boy's condition. Many believe this is why the majestic family became so convinced Rasputin had the ability to heal their sick child. Whether or not they thought he had magical powers is unclear, but this belief that Rasputin had some special quality that made him uniquely capable of healing Alexei helped boost his reputation and made him both friends and enemies in the Russian court.
Rasputin as a Healer
Ane of the theories as to what Rasputin did was that he simply had a calming presence effectually the boy that caused him to relax and cease thrashing about, something that would accept helped stop the bleeding brought on by his hemophilia.
Some other theory is that when Rasputin was consulted during a peculiarly serious moment when Alexei had suffered a hemorrhage, he told the majestic family to go along all doctors away from him. Somewhat miraculously, this worked, and the imperial family attributed this to Rasputin's special powers. Still, modern historians now believe this worked because the most mutual medicine used at the time was aspirin, and using aspirin to cease haemorrhage doesn't work because it thins the blood. Therefore, by telling Alexandra and Nicholas Two to avert doctors, Rasputin helped Alexei avert taking medicine that probably would have killed him. Another theory is that Rasputin was a trained hypnotist who knew how to calm the boy enough so that he would stop bleeding.
Over again, though, the truth remains a mystery. But what we exercise know is that after this indicate, the imperial family welcomed Rasputin into their inner circle. Alexandra seemed to trust Rasputin unconditionally, and this allowed him to get a trusted advisor of the family. He was even appointed as the lampadnik (lamplighter), which allowed Rasputin to calorie-free the candles in the purple cathedral, a position that would have given him daily access to Tsar Nicholas and his family.
The Mad Monk?
Equally Rasputin got closer and closer to the eye of Russian power, the public grew more and more suspicious. The nobles and elite inside the courts began to view Rasputin with green-eyed due to the fact that he had such like shooting fish in a barrel access to the Tsar, and, seeking to undermine the Tsar, they tried to position Rasputin equally a mad man who was controlling the Russian government from behind the scenes.
To do this, they began to exaggerate some aspects of Rasputin's reputation which he had carried with him since he outset left Pokrovskoye, mainly that he was a drinker and a sexual deviant. Their propaganda campaigns even went then far as to convince people that the name "Rasputin" meant "debauched ane," despite the fact that it actually meant "where two rivers bring together," a reference to his hometown. Furthermore, it was around this fourth dimension that accusations of his associations with the Khylists began to intensify.
It should be noted, though, that some of these accusations were grounded in truth. Rasputin was known for taking many sexual partners, and he was also known for parading around the Russian capital showing off the silks and other textiles that had been embroidered for him by the regal family.
Criticisms of Rasputin intensified after 1905/1906 when the enactment of the Constitution granted the press considerable more freedom. They targeted Rasputin more perhaps because they still feared to attack the Tsar directly, choosing instead to attack one of his advisors.
However, the attacks did not merely come from the enemies of the Tsar. Those who wanted to maintain the power structures at the time also turned against Rasputin, largely because they felt the Tsar'due south loyalty to him hurt his relationship with the public; nearly people bought into the stories about Rasputin, and it would have looked bad if the Tsar was keeping a relationship with such a man, fifty-fifty if most every aspect of the stories were exaggerations. Every bit a event, they wanted to take out Rasputin so that the public would cease worrying about this supposed crazy monk who was secretly controlling the Russian Empire.
Rasputin and Alexandra
Rasputin'south relationship with Alexandra Feodorovna is another source of mystery. The evidence we take seems to suggest that she trusted Rasputin greatly and cared for him. There were rumors that they were lovers, but this has never been proven to be true. However, equally public opinion turned against Rasputin and members of the Russian court began to run into him as a problem, Alexandra fabricated certain he was permitted to stay. This caused more tension as many people's imaginations continued to run wild with the thought of Rasputin was the real controller of the royal family. The Tsar and Tsarina fabricated things worse past keeping their son'southward health a secret from the public. This meant no ane knew the existent reason why Rasputin had become and then shut to the Tsar and his family, creating more than specualtion and rumors.
This shut connexion shared between Rasputin and Empress Alexandra farther degraded Rasputin'south reputation, besides every bit that of the purple family. For example, by the outbreak of World War I, well-nigh people in the Russian empire assumed Rasputin and Alexandra were sleeping together. Soldiers spoke about it at the forepart equally if it were mutual noesis. These stories got even more than grandiose when people began speaking most how Rasputin was really working for the Germans (Alexandra was originally from a German royal family unit) to undermine Russian power and cause Russia to lose the war.
An Endeavour On Rasputin's Life
The more time Rasputin spent around the royal family unit, the more information technology seemed people tried to tarnish his name and reputation. Equally mentioned, he was labeled as a drunk and a sexual deviant, and this eventually led to people calling him a wicked man, a crazy monk, and a devil worshipper, although nosotros now know these to exist not much more than than attempts to make Rasputin a political scapegoat. However, opposition to Rasputin grew plenty that an effort was made to take his life.
In 1914, as Rasputin was in transit to the mail office, he was accosted by a woman disguised as a ragamuffin and stabbed. Simply he managed to escape. The wound was severe and he spent several weeks in recovery after surgery, but he eventually returned to full health, something that would be used to go along to shape public stance about him fifty-fifty after his death.
The woman who stabbed Rasputin was said to be a follower of a man named Iliodor, who had been the leader of a powerful religious sect in Leningrad. Iliodor had denounced Rasputin as an antichrist, and he had previously made attempts to endeavor and divide Rasputin from the Tsar. He was never formally accused of the crime, only he did abscond Petrograd soon afterwards the stabbing and before the police had the gamble to question him. The woman who actually stabbed Rasputin was deemed insane and was not held responsible for her actions.
Rasputin'due south Real Role in the Regime
Despite the fact that so much was fabricated of Rasputin'south behavior and his human relationship to the royal family, very little if any evidence exists that proves Rasputin had whatever real influence over the affairs of Russian politics. Historians concur he did the royal family a great service by praying with them and assisting with the ill children and giving communication, simply most too agree that he had no real say in what the Tsar did or did not do with his ability. Instead, he proved to be a proverbial thorn in the side of the Tsar and Tsarina as they tried to deal with an increasingly unstable political situation that was quickly descending into upheaval and overthrow. Possibly, for this reason, Rasputin's life was still in danger immediately post-obit the first attempt made against his life.
Rasputin's Death
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The actual murder of Grigori Yefimovich Rasputin is a widely disputed and heavily fictionalized story involving all sorts of crazy antics and stories about the man's power to evade death. As a result, information technology has been very difficult for historians to find the actual facts surrounding Rasputin'south expiry. Furthermore, he was killed behind closed doors, which has fabricated it even more difficult to determine exactly what happened. Some accounts are embellishments, exaggerations, or only consummate fabrications, but we can never really know for sure. However, the most common version of Rasputin'southward death goes like this:
Rasputin was invited to dine and enjoy some wine at the Moika Palace by a group of nobles led by Prince Felix Yusupov. Other members of the plot included Grand Duke Dmitri Pavlovich Romanov, Dr. Stanislaus de Lazovert and Lieutenant Sergei Mikhailovich Sukhotin, an officer in the Preobrazhensky Regiment. During the party, Rasputin allegedly consumed a copious corporeality of wine and food, both of which had been heavily poisoned. However, Rasputin connected to swallow and drink as if aught had happened. After it became clear that the poison was not going to kill Rasputin, Prince Felix Yusupov borrowed the revolver of the Grand Duke Dmitri Pavlovich, the czar'south cousin, and shot Rasputin multiple times.
At this point, Rasputin is said to take fallen to the basis, and the people in the room thought he was dead. Just he miraculously stood up again later on simply a few minutes of being on the floor and immediately made for the door so as to try and escape the men who wanted to kill him. The residuum of the people in the room reacted, finally, and several others drew their weapons. Rasputin was shot again and he brutal, just when his attackers approached him, they saw he was still moving, which forced them to shoot him once again. Finally convinced he was dead, they arranged upwardly his corpse into the thou duke's car and collection to the Neva river and dumped Rasputin's corpse in the cold waters of the river. His body was recovered three days subsequently.
This whole operation was hurriedly conducted in the wee hours of the morning as the Thousand Duke Dmitri Pavlovich feared repercussions if he was found out by the regime. Co-ordinate Vladimir Purishkevich, a politico at the time, "It was very belatedly and the Grand Duke drove quite slow equally he evidently feared that great speed would concenter the suspicion of the police."
Until he murdered Rasputin, Prince Felix Yusupov lived a comparatively aimless life of privilege. 1 of Nicholas Two's daughters, also named M Duchess Olga, worked as a nurse during the war and criticized Felix Yusupov's refusal to enlist, writing to her begetter, "Felix is a 'downright civilian,' dressed all in dark-brown…virtually doing nothing; an utterly unpleasant impression he makes – a man idling in such times." Plotting Rasputin's murder gave Felix Yusupov the opportunity to reinvent himself as a patriot and man of action, determined to protect the throne from a malign influence.
For Prince Felix Yusupov and his co-conspirators, the removal of Rasputin could give Nicholas 2 one concluding adventure of restoring the reputation and prestige of the monarchy. With Rasputin gone, the arbiter would exist more open to the advice of his extended family unit, the nobility and the Duma.
None of the men who were involved in this incident faced criminal charges, either because at this signal Rasputin had been deemed an enemy of the state, or because it simply didn't happen. Information technology'southward possible this story was created as propaganda to farther tarnish the name "Rasputin," for such an unnatural resistance to expiry would accept been perceived as the work of the devil. But when Rasputin'due south body was establish, it was evident that he had been shot three times. Across this, though, we know almost null for sure nearly Rasputin's death.
Rasputin's Penis
The rumors that were started and spread about Rasputin's love life and relationship to women accept led to many more than tall tales about his genitals. One of the stories surrounding his expiry is that he was castrated and dismembered after being murdered, most likely as a punishment for his debauchery and excessive sin. This myth has led many people to merits they now "posses" Rasputin's penis, and they have even gone so far as to claim that looking at it will help cure impotency problems. This is not only absurd but incorrect. When Rasputin'due south body was plant, his genitals were intact, and as far as we know, they remained that way. Any claim to the opposite is most likely an try to use the mystery surrounding Rasputin's life and death equally a style to brand coin.
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Conclusion
While Grigori Yefimovich Rasputin's life was a strange and filled with many odd stories, controversies, and lies, information technology is every bit as important to note that his influence was never really as bang-up equally the earth effectually him fabricated information technology out to exist. Yes, he had sway with the Tsar and his family, and yes, in that location was something to be said about the way his personality could put people at ease, but the reality is that the man was goose egg more than a symbol to the Russian people. A few months later, matching a prediction that he had made, the Russian Revolution occurred and the entire Romanov family was brutally massacred in an uprising. The tides of political change tin can be very powerful, and few people in this world can truly stop them.
Rasputin's daughter Maria, who fled Russia after the Revolution and became a circus king of beasts tamer billed as "the girl of the famous mad monk whose feats in Russia astonished the earth," wrote her ain book in 1929 that condemned Yussupov's actions and questioned the veracity of his account. She wrote that her father did not like sweets and never would have eaten a platter of cakes. The autopsy reports practise not mention poison or drowning but instead conclude that he was shot in the head at shut range. Yussupov transformed the murder into an ballsy struggle of adept versus evil to sell books and eternalize his own reputation.
Yussupov'southward account of Rasputin's murder entered pop civilisation. The pulp scene was dramatized in numerous films well-nigh Rasputin and the Romanovs and even made information technology into a 1970s disco striking by Boney M., which included the lyrics "They put some toxicant into his vino…He drank it all and said, 'I experience fine.'"
Rasputin will forever alive on in history equally a controversial figure, to some a holy man, to some a political entity, and to others a charlatan. Simply who really was Rasputin? That is probably the biggest mystery of them all, and it's 1 we may never exist able to solve.
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Sources
V Myths and Truths About Rasputin: https://fourth dimension.com/4606775/v-myths-rasputin/
The Murder of Rasputin: http://history1900s.most.com/od/famouscrimesscandals/a/rasputin.htm
Famous Russians: http://russiapedia.rt.com/prominent-russians/history-and-mythology/grigory-rasputin/
Kickoff World War Biography: http://www.firstworldwar.com/bio/rasputin.htm
Rasputin'south Murder: https://www.theguardian.com/world/from-the-archive-blog/2016/dec/thirty/rasputin-murder-russia-dec-1916
Rasputin: https://www.biography.com/political-figure/rasputin
Fuhrmann, Joseph T. Rasputin: the untold story. John Wiley & Sons, 2013.
Smith, Douglas. Rasputin: Faith, power, and the twilight of the Romanovs. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2016.
mcguinnessgons1995.blogspot.com
Source: https://historycooperative.org/mad-monk-grigori-rasputin-story/
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